John c



(No Model.)

J. G. BAKER.

LATHE CHUCK,

No 250,415. Patented Dec. 6,1881.

WITNESSES INVENTOR V ATTORNEY u PITER-S. mwww mr. WuMngtm n.c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

, JOHN C. BAKER, OF NEWV YORK, N. Y.

LATHE-CHUCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 250,415, dated December6,1881.

Application filed June 1, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN C. BAKER, of the city, county, and State of NewYork, have invented a new and Improved Lathe-Chuck, of which thefollowing is a specification. Y My invention relates to an improvementin that class of chucks in which the jaws are adapted to beindependently or collectively operated, and which are generally known ascombined independentand universal chucks, the object of the inventionbeing to provide an article of this character which shall combinesimplicity of construction and ease of operation with durability andefficiency in use.

With these ends in view my invention consists in certain details ofconstruction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafterdescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is aview in side elevation of achuck constructed in accordance with my invention, a portion of thecasing thereof being broken away to exposetheinternal mechanism ofthechuck. Fig. 2 is a view in front elevation of my improved chuck, showingthe jaws and their spindles, one side of the chuck being in section toshow one of the pinions with which each of the spindles is provided.Fig. 3 is a view, partly in elevation and partlyin section, of the rearhalf of the chuck-casing, showing the annular rack and the recesseswhich receive the sliding plates; and Fig. 4 is a view of one of thewashers.

The chuck-casing is composed of front and rear sections, A and B, theformer of which is provided with jaws O, operated by spindles D, havingpinions E secured near their outer ends. The inner faces of the saidsections are provided with semicircular grooves F, to receive the outerends of the spindles, which are squared to be readily turned by a wrenchor key. The rear section, B, of the casing is provided with a series ofelongated slots, G, which are formed near and parallel with its edge,and whichare covered by washers H, held closely againstthe chuck-casingby thumb-nuts I, screwed on the threaded outer ends of pins J, whichpass through the said washers and slots, and which have segmental platesK secured to their inner ends. The pins aforesaid are slightly flattened in form to prevent them from turning in the slots G, and to effecta similar result the holes in the washers are made conformable in shapeto the shape of the pins. The plates K are received and have movement inan annular track, L, formed in the rear section, B, of the chuck-casing,and provided with a series ofrecesses, M, ofsufficient length,breadth,and depth to receive the plates K. It is apparent that the saidplates can be moved only through arcs of circles equal in length to thelength of the slots G; and in order that in this limited movement theymay be moved into and out of the said recesses M, the latter are sunk inthe casing B in such manner that they adjoin the said slots, and thepins Jare secured to those ends of the plates that are the most remotefrom the recesses. The walls of those ends of the recesses which adjointhe slots are beveled or inclined, as are'also the rear ends of theplates, to permit the latter to be readily raised out of the recesseswhen desired, to render the chuck universal in action. An annular rack,N, located within the section B of the chuckcasing, is adapted to beboth laterally reciprocated and turned therein. It is reciprocated tohave its cog-teeth engaged with or disengaged from the pinion 0,according as it is desired to makethe action of the chuck universal orindependent. On the other hand, it is turned to impart a simultaneousmovement to all of the pinions, with which it is engaged when any one ofthem is turned.

Having thus described the construction of my device, I will now proceedto briefly set forth its mode of operation.

Let it first be supposed that all of the plates K are located in theseveral recesses M, in which they are locked by the nuts I. In thisadjustment the rack, being unsupported, will rest in the track L,leaving the pinions E free and isolated. The jaws may now be operatedindependently by applying a wrench or key to the squared ends of theirseveral spindles and turning them. To transform the chuck into one ofuniversal action, each nut I is loosened and the pins are moved to theopposite ends of the slots G. This operation will raise the plates Kattached to the pins above the level of the track L and force the rack Nforward into engagement with the pinions E of the spindles D. With thepinions thus connected, if any one of the spindles is turned, the rackwill turn and impart a corresponding motion to each of the otherpinions, and thus cause the jaws to simultaneously reciprocate,approaching or receding from each other, as the case may be.

Instead of throwing the annular gear into engagement with all thepinions, and thereby operating all the jaws simultaneously, said gearmay, by adjusting one of the plates, be thrown in gear with any one ofthe pinions, and thereby operate any one of the jaws.

I am aware that a universal and independent chuck has been inventedwherein the jaws are adapted to be operated simultaneously by an annulargear having a beveled rear surface, with which engages an adjustablecam-block. By arranging the cam-block so that it will engage the raisedportion of the annular gear the latter will be forced in engagement withthe pinions on the screw-shafts connected with the jaws. When the cain-block is adjusted radially with respect to the annular gear andengages in the sunken or depressed portion of its rear surface, theannular gear is thrown out of mesh with said pinions, thereby allowingthe jaws to be operated independently. This construction requires anannular gear of special construction, and only a portion of its width isprovided will! a support.

I am also aware that an independent and universal chuck has beeninvented wherein all the jaws are adapted to be operated simultaneouslyby an annular gear, which latter is adjusted by means of a ring locatedbetween the rear surface of the gear and the chuck-casing. This ring isprovided with a screw-threaded stud, that extends through a slot in thechuckcasing, the outer end of the stud being provided with a nut forholding the ring in any desired adjustment. The ring is provided withrecesses, which may be moved in or out of line with projections on theinner face of the chuckcasing.

Hence I would have it understood that I make no claim to the two formsof construction ofindependent and universal chucks above described.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In chucks in which the several jaws are provided each with ascrew-spindle carrying a pinion, and which have annular toothed gears tomesh with said pinions, the recesses M in the inner surface ofthechuck-case,jointly with the ch am t'ered plates K, havin gflattened stems,

which pass out through slots made in the back of the case concentricwith the axis of the chuck, and with the washers 11, covering saidslots, attached to and movable with said stems, in virtue of all ofwhich the toothed ring may be lifted into gear with all of the pinionsor with any one alone, as may be desired, to make the chuck universal orspecial, or thrown out of gear with all said pinions, to allow the jawsto be operated independently, substantially as set forth.

2. In a chuck of the character hereinbefore described, the chuck-caseprovided with the recesses M on its inner surface, the plates K,provided with stems extending through slots made in the back of thechuck-case concentric with the axis of the chuck and the annular gear,whereby said annular gear may be thrown into and out of gear with thepinions on the screw-threaded spindles connected with the jaws by movingsaid plates into or out of said recesses M, substantially as set forth.

WVitnesses: JOHN C. BAKER.

OSCAR F. GUNZ, G. SnDewIcK.

